Augusto Villanueva, MD, PhD, is a distinguished translational researcher in cancers of the liver. In this Grand Rounds presentation, he describes the current epidemiological data of hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as clinical management and trends. He looks at the prevalence of liver cancer in various regions around the world and analyzes both types and causes. His presentation includes a valuable examination of the various options for treatment as well as the latest developments in research. Dr. Villanueva also discusses major clinical challenges that can be addressed using liquid biopsy for biomarker development.